FHO, or femoral head ostectomy, is a surgery used to treat hip problems in cats and dogs. It works to alleviate hip pain and increase mobility. Today, our Torrance vets discuss how this process works and what conditions may benefit from FHO surgery.
What is FHO surgery?
FHO, or femoral head ostectomy, is a surgery done in dogs or cats that are experiencing hip problems that limit their mobility.
During the FHO surgery, the surgeon will remove the femoral head leaving the socket portion of the hip empty. Your pet's leg muscles will initially hold the femur in place as scar tissue develops between the femur and acetabulum. Gradually over a period of time a “false joint” will begin to form and scar tissue will act as a cushion between the femur and the acetabulum.
Hip problems in cats and dogs can occur due to genetics, old age, injury, or a combination of both of those factors.
It is important to note that not all dogs are candidates for FHO surgery. This surgery is typically recommended for dogs under 50 lbs as the false joint created during surgery may have difficulty bearing the weight of a larger dog.
How Your Pet's Hip Joints Should Work
Your cat or dog’s hip joints function as a ball and socket mechanism. The ball is located at the head of the thigh bone (femur) and rests inside the hip bone’s acetabulum (socket portion of the hip joint).
During normal hip function, the ball and socket work together allowing easy and pain-free movement. Sometimes due to injury or disease, the ball and socket grind together, causing inflammation, pain, and mobility issues that can severely affect your pet's quality of life.
If you have a cat or small dog, FHO orthopedic surgery may be able to ease your pet's pain and restore your pet's normal pain-free mobility.
Hip Conditions in Dogs and Cats That May Benefit from FHO Surgery
There are numerous hip conditions in dogs and cats that can benefit from FHO surgery, including:
- Hip dysplasia
- Severe arthritis
- Joint dislocation (luxation)
- Hip fractures
- Legg-Perthes disease
- Weak muscles in hind legs
Signs That Your Pet May Have Hip Issues
Your pet may be suffering from a hip problem if they show one or more of the following symptoms:
- “Bunny hopping”
- Limping when walking
- Stiffness in joints
- Decreased tolerance or motivation to exercise or play
FHO Surgery- Cost
FHO surgery is a relatively inexpensive procedure that can often help to restore pain-free mobility to smaller dogs and cats. The cost of your pet's surgery will depend upon a number of factors so you will need to consult your veterinarian for an estimate, however, you can expect to pay anywhere from $900 - $1500 for FHO surgery.
FHO Surgery Dog - Recovery
Every pet is different. Following surgery, your furry companion may need to stay in the veterinary hospital for several hours or several days for post-surgical care. The duration of your pet's stay will depend upon your pet's overall health and a number of other factors. Recovery from FHO surgery usually happens in two phases:
Phase 1
In the days immediately following surgery, you and your vet will focus on controlling pain with medications such as prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These will help reduce pain, inflammation and swelling at the surgical site.
During this phase, it is important that your pet's movement is extremely limited.
Phase 2
Approximately one week after surgery, the second phase of recovery will begin. This phase involves gradually increasing your pet's physical activity so your pet can rebuild muscle mass and strengthen the hip joint.
Gradually increasing physical activity helps to prevent scar tissue from becoming too stiff, and will improve your pet's long-term mobility. Appropriate exercise in this phase may include walking upstairs independently, or walking on hind legs while you hold their front legs in the air.
Your pet should avoid strenuous physical activity for 30 days after surgery, and most animals will require about six weeks to recover. Your pet won't be allowed to run or jump during their recovery period, however, you can take your pet for short on-leash walks.
After about a month, if your dog has recovered adequately, your animal companion should be ready to resume regular physical activity. That said, high-impact activity should still be avoided at this time.
A mobility aid or pet lift harness may be useful throughout the Phase 2 healing process. Pets who were relatively active prior to surgery tend to recover more quickly thanks to the increased strength of muscle mass around the hip joint.
Caring For Your Dog or Cat After FHO Dog Surgery
Care requirements will vary depending on your pet’s individual circumstances and needs. If your pet does not fully recover within the typical six-week recovery period, formal physical rehabilitation therapy may be recommended. If your pet seems to be in pain or is not doing as well as expected following FHO surgery, contact your veterinarian right away.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.